Background and Aim: Claim for damages of Agricultural Biotechnology on Fault-based liability system in practice lead to Lack of compensation in most cases because of the difficulty of proving fault Due to the complex nature of the production and supply of GM crops. For this reason, in Recent years have been wide global debate about whether Agricultural Biotechnology should be covered by a special liability regime. Materials and Methods: This research is of theoretical type and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library and has been done by referring to documents, books and articles. Results: In Iranian law, some efforts have been made to enforce a special civil liability system for the production and supply of transgenic products but unfortunately, despite envisaging Strict Liability in the initial bills, In the final enactment of the Biosafety Act, compensation for transgenic crops was placed under the general rules of civil liability and the theory of fault-based liability. Ethical considerations: In order to organize this research, while observing the authenticity of the texts, honesty and fidelity have been observed. Conclusion: Due to the rapid changes that have occurred in Agricultural Biotechnology it is better to use a strict liability Regime for damages caused by GM crops Because strict liability system by removing the obligation to prove negligence led to easier redress claims.

The amount of Agricultural waste generated by agro-based industries such as palm oil, rubber, and wood processing plants have more than tripled. Selangor, Perak, and Johor account for 65. 7 percent of the total number of recognised pollution sources in the manufacturing and agro-based sectors. Livestock dung is another major cause of pollution, contributing significantly to increase pollution levels in the environment. Large portion of agro-industrial waste is untreated and unused, it is frequently disposed of by replicating or dumping then again off the cuff landfilling. These untreated wastes wreak havoc on natural change by releasing ozone-depleting chemicals. Aside from that, the usage of fossil fuels is also leading to an increase in ozone-depleting compounds. Agro-waste is a huge environmental hazard in the current epidemic situation. The management of agro-waste and the conversion of agro-waste into a usable product through the application of biotechnological technologies in agriculture are receiving a lot of attention in today’, s world. Solid state fermentation is the finest approach for converting agro-waste into valuable bio products among biotechnological instruments. Various agro-wastes such as wheat straw, barley straw, cotton stalks, sunflower stacks, and oil cakes from various agriculture goods, as well as major horticulture wastes such as apple, mango, orange peels, and potato peels, were used to create beneficial products in this review. All aspects of the production of industrial products from various agro-waste by using microorganisms such as Amycolatopsis Mediterranean, Xanthomonas campestries, and Aspergillus niger producing biopolymers such as polysaccharides, similar to starch, cellulose, agar, hemi-celluloses, gelatin, alginate, and carrageenan are covered in the current revels. Yeasts and cyanobacteria are commonly employed to make bio-lipids, whereas Bacillus species are utilised to make proteins and bio-enzymes. Cucumber and orange strips, on the other hand, have recently been employed to create proteins and bio-enzymes. As a result, this review covers the many forms of agro-wastes and their by-products as well as biotechnological technologies used to treat them.

Agricultural experts in the field of Biotechnology in Iran were surveyed in order to explore their perception about factors affecting the partnership between public and private sector in developing Agricultural Biotechnology. The research population included Agricultural Biotechnology experts in the public and private sectors (N=66). A series of in-depth interviews were conducted with some Biotechnology experts in the Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute to examine the validity of questionnaire. A questionnaire was developed based on these interviews and relevant literature. The data collected by interviewing the respondents and analyzed by using factor analysis technique. To determine the appropriateness of data and measure the homogeneity of variables, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s test measures were applied. KMO amount and meaningful level of Bartlett test for policy making and economic factors shows that they are very suitable for factorial analysis. Based on the results of study, intellectual property rights and allocating low interest rate financial facilities to private companies affected the partnership between public and private sector.